Fouling of membranes by colloids, inorganic salts, microorganisms and organic matter is a pervasive problem that significantly hampers the efficiency and sustainability of membrane-based water treatment processes. The major control and remediation strategies include (i) preparation of antifouling membranes, (ii) effective cleaning in place (CIP) techniques, (iii) Pretreatment to limit the concentration of potential foulants. The center is currently focusing on innovations and improvements in each of these areas to address this issue that plagues different membrane techniques.