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In this talk, he will first review the basics of terahertz (THz) science and technology, including the methods used to generate few-cycle THz pulses, focusing on laser-based techniques. The speaker will then describe the various approaches to detect THz pulses and then move on to describe THz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS), a technique frequently used for material characterization. Prof. Ozaki will provide several examples of the application of THz pulses.

Then, Prof. Ozaki will review the advancements made in the generation, detection, and application of intense THz pulses. Firstly, he will discuss the various methods implemented for generating intense THz radiation, including photoconductive antennas (PCAs), optical rectification sources (such as the tilted-pulse-front lithium niobate source and the DAST source, along with other crystal-based sources), air plasma THz sources, and relativistic laser-plasma sources. Next, he will discuss the limitations of conventional THz detection techniques when measuring intense THz radiation. After that, we will review three methods that are highly suitable for detecting intense THz radiation: the air breakdown coherent detection technique, various single-shot THz detection techniques, and the spectral-domain interferometry technique. Lastly, we will provide an overview of the multiple applications that have been made possible with such intense THz sources, including nonlinear THz spectroscopy of condensed matter (optical-pump/THz-probe, THz-pump/THz-probe, THz-pump/optical-probe), nonlinear THz optics, and the resonant and non-resonant control of material (such as switching of superconductivity. We will also provide a short perspective on the future of intense THz sources and their applications.