This research is considered as breakthrough innovation, which introduces a novel spatio-temporal decision-making model (STDMM), that leverages hourly weather dataset with high-accuracy spatial models of more than twenty constraints/evaluation criteria through advanced hybrid GIS-MCDM and mathematical modeling approaches. This model differs significantly from most existing studies, which typically rely on long-term averaged data or focus on single energy sources, often without accounting for critical techno-economic assessment. The innovation creates new markets in RE planning and optimization tools, targeting developers, governments, and utility companies seeking efficient land-use solutions and energy modeling tools to not only reduces costs but also accelerates efficient installations of RE.

This new model is a valuable tool for planning solar and wind energy projects in Saudi Arabia. The model can be commercialized as a software solution for RE planning, or through a joint venture with RE companies to deploy it in real-world projects.